Laparoscopy is a type of surgery that gets its name from the laparoscope, a slender tool that has a tiny video camera and light on the end. When a surgeon inserts it through a small cut into your body, they can look at a video monitor and see what’s happening inside you. Without those tools, they’d have to make a much larger opening. Thanks to special instruments, there’s less cutting, and your surgeon doesn’t have to reach into your body, either.
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Keyhole surgery
Laparoscopic surgery is used in the abdominal and pelvic areas. It is sometimes called keyhole surgery because a surgeon uses two to four small cuts, which are usually no more than a half-inch long, in your belly or pelvic area. Then they use flexible tubes to insert a lighted video camera and special tools into your body.
Laparoscopy vs. laparotomy
Before the laparoscopic method came along, a surgeon who operated on your belly or pelvic area had to do open surgery called laparotomy, where a 6- to 12-inch-long cut was made through the abdominal wall. This larger opening gave the surgeon enough room to see what they were doing and reach whatever they had to work on inside your body.
Laparoscopy is known as a minimally invasive surgery (MIS) because it uses smaller cuts. Doctors first used it for gallbladder surgery and gynecology operations. Then it came into play for the intestines, liver, and other organs. While a laparoscopy has a shorter recovery time than a laparotomy, it can take longer and require special training and tools. In some cases, such as an emergency, a laparotomy might be more appropriate.
Before your laparoscopy, you might have to take imaging or blood and urine tests. You’ll have an IV inserted into a vein so you can receive fluids, pain medications, and anesthesia during the procedure. Doctors will also put a breathing tube down your throat to make sure your airway stays open. You might have a urinary catheter inserted, and then your skin will be cleaned with a disinfectant solution.
To begin the procedure, your surgeon will make the necessary small cuts in your belly or pelvic area, and tubes will be placed for the camera and tools. A drain might also be placed.
In some operations, the surgeon can put the camera and the surgical tool through the same opening in the skin. It might mean less scarring, but it’s trickier for your surgeon because the instruments are so close together.
In other cases, your doctor may decide to use a device that lets them reach in with a hand. This is called “hand-assisted” laparoscopy. The cut in the skin must be more than half an inch in length, but it still can be smaller than the one made in traditional surgery. This method has made it possible to use laparoscopic surgery for the liver and other organs.
Next, carbon dioxide will be pumped in to separate your abdominal wall from your organs. This will make it easier for the surgeon to see your organs. Finally, your doctor can put a camera and tools through the tube or tubes, and they can complete the procedure guided by images on a video monitor.
Robotic laparoscopic surgery
Technology can help the medical team be more precise. In the robotic version of laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon first cuts into the skin and inserts the camera, as usual. Instead of taking hold of the surgical instruments, they set up a robot’s mechanical arms. Then they move to a computer nearby.
With robotic surgery, the monitor gives the surgeon a 3D, high-resolution, magnified image inside the body. As they watch the screen, they use hand controls to operate the robot and surgical instruments. This lets the surgeon be more exact, and it can mean less impact on your body and less bleeding. You may also have less discomfort after the operation. Robotic surgery is especially helpful for gynecology and urology surgeries. Most prostate removal operations use robots.
After your procedure, the gas will be removed from your belly. If a surgical drain was used, it might be removed, or it might stay in place to allow fluid to continue to drain. Your incisions will be closed. Your breathing tube and IV will come out, and you will be moved to a recovery room and observed until the anesthesia has worn off. Some laparoscopic procedures are outpatient, but others require you to stay for a night or two in the hospital. For outpatient surgery, you will need someone to drive you home from the hospital. You will likely take home a prescription for pain medication and recommendations for safe over-the-counter pain medication.
Laparoscopic surgery is low-risk and minimally-invasive. It is designed to help our doctor or medical professional get a clear view of what is going on inside the organs in the abdomen. The procedure is less invasive than traditional surgery because only tiny incisions are made.
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Laparoscopy uses an instrument called a laparoscope to give a clear picture of the abdominal organs. This instrument is very long and very thin. It is equipped with a powerful intense light. At the tip of this instrument, there is a camera that is able to capture imagery in high resolution.
The procedure begins with a small incision being made in the abdominal wall. The camera is then inserted into this incision. As the instrument moves around through the abdomen, it is able to capture images as well as send these images to a video monitor, where our medical professional is reviewing them.
One of the primary benefits of laparoscopic surgery is that it allows our medical professional to have a clear idea of what is going on inside your body without needing to open you up for surgery. The same tool that is used to capture images of your abdomen can also be used to take biopsy samples.
Most people will have this procedure performed as a way of diagnosing why they are experiencing pain in their abdomen or in their pelvic region. This procedure is usually recommended when other non-invasive procedures are not yielding the necessary results.
There are some cases where non-invasive scans do not produce the results that are needed. This is when a laparoscope will be used. Or it could be that some of these non-invasive procedures did identify a potential problem. Still, a biopsy may be needed in order to make a definitive diagnosis.
Our medical professional can use a laparoscope to examine a wide range of organs, including the:
· Appendix
· Liver
· Pancreas
· Bowels
· Stomach
· Pelvis
· Reproductive organs
When our medical professionals are able to observe the functioning of these organs or these parts of your body in real time, they can see if you have an abdominal tumor; determine if there is suspicious fluid in your abdominal cavity; identify signs of liver disease; see whether or not a particular treatment is effective; and identify how far a particular cancer has progressed.
Laparoscopic surgery allows doctors to have a clear image of what is going on inside a patient. The information gathered during the procedure can have a powerful impact on your health.
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